An Investigation into The Implementation of Self-Reliant and Entrepreneurial Education in Selected Zambian Universities

Abstract

Overview: The purpose of the study was to investigate the implementation of self-reliance and entrepreneurial education in selected Zambian Universities. The study was conducted in Lusaka district and it brought out the factors that lead to failure of skills development in the Zambian Universities as the focus has been on improving educational standards which are a requirement by the employers.

Body of Knowledge: The implementation of self-reliant and entrepreneurial education in selected Zambian universities represents a significant shift in the higher education landscape, aiming to equip students with practical skills and entrepreneurial mindsets. This approach addresses the pressing need for graduates to be self-sufficient and innovative in a rapidly changing job market.

Methods: The study adopted a descriptive survey, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The study was conducted in 4 universities from Lusaka district, targeting University Lecturers and Students. The target population was 4000, with 400 as sample size. Data was analyzed qualitatively as the semi structured interviews and questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. Thematic approach was used, where data analysis started with the categorization of themes from the questionnaires. Quantitative techniques were also applied though the larger part of the research was qualitative by design. The study utilized the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel to come up with charts, graphs, and Tables.

Results: The study revealed that while there is a growing recognition of the importance of entrepreneurial education, the actual implementation is uneven across institutions. Some universities have successfully integrated entrepreneurial modules into their curricula, providing students with practical skills and knowledge. However, others face challenges such as inadequate funding, lack of trained staff, and insufficient industry linkages. The study also indicated that where entrepreneurial education is well-implemented, students exhibit higher levels of creativity, innovation, and readiness to start their own businesses.

Recommendation: Universities should promote interdisciplinary collaboration to incorporate practical entrepreneurial skills within theoretical frameworks and encourage partnerships between faculties such as business, engineering, and social sciences to foster a holistic educational approach.