Pesticide Handling, Usage and Predicted Contamination in Cameroon: Case of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Farmers in Bui Division

Abstract

Introduction: Agriculture is a vital economic sector in Cameroon, especially since an estimated 45% of Cameroon’s gross domestic product (GDP) depends on it and the traditional food crop is part of an integrated household-farming system.  Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the way farmers in Bui division handle pesticide, its usage and predicted contamination. Methods: A cross-sectional research method was used to collect data from tomato farmers in the Bui Division, using a questionnaire developed by the research team. This study was carried out in Bui, Cameroon, from April to September 2018, to understand phyto-sanitary practices conducted by tomato farmers. Result: Majority of the farmers (74%) used their own personal measurement, by their own thoughts and experience, while only 26% use manufactures measurement. Fifty percent (50%) of the farmers obtain pesticides from agricultural product dealers, commonly called “farmers’ house”. Majority of the farmers (68%) do not use protective wears to protect themselves from the effect of the pesticides, while only 32% of them do use protective wears. Majority (72%) of the farmers do not have any formal training on pesticide application. As a result of exposure to the pesticides, majority (44%) of the farmers suffers from body itches, while 20% suffers from rashes and 8% suffer from body irritation. Conclusion: Pesticide poisoning cases were recorded and side effects such as itches, light vision, burns, and rashes were common. This study calls for pesticide residue analysis of tomato and potable water as well as the monitoring of the health status of the farmers for chronic illnesses.