Electrocardiographic Alterations Using Vectors in Diabetic Patients (Type-2) of Rural Population: A Comparative Report

Abstract

Background: An electrocardiogram, termed as ECG, is a very simple and common test, used to determine the healthy condition of an individual. The electrocardiogram is generally done in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in diabetics. Thus we proposed in this work to evaluate electrocardiographic alterations in patients of rural population with type 2 diabetes. There is a lack of study found on various standard limbs leads (I, II & III), augmented unipolar limb leads and chest leads in diabetic patients especially who are living in rural areas. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of increased sugar on standard limb leads (II) using vectors in medium aged male subjects residing in rural area.

Materials & methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive observation that took place from 1 January 2022 to 1 October 2022 in the Physiology Departments of the University with varying age group in between 45 to 50 years, were recruited and divided into group A and control (B) group were considered. Study group received medications for six week to maintain normal blood sugar level. BMI was calculated, Height was taken and body weight was measured. ECG was taken using BPL ECG recorder (Cardiart 8108T). Baseline and post- test assessments were taken before and after the medication. PC based cardiovascular analyzer was used for recording pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial stiffness index (ASI).

Result: Significant difference (increase) was noted on heart rate, R-R interval was reduced significantly, and arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity were increased in study groups when compared with control group. No significant reduction was observed on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, body weight, height & BMI in study group when compared with control.

Conclusion: The ECG is certainly insufficient for an exhaustive exploration of the heart of the diabetic patient, but still very useful in our conditions of exercise to improve the care of our patients. Result of this study suggests that responses in diabetes type 2 are sympathetic dominance and hypertrophied in study group.